31st October paper Self Assessment deadline: who it applies to
The paper Self Assessment deadline is 31st October. Find out who can still file on paper, what happens if you’re late, and how to avoid HMRC penalties.
Tax & HMRC
Understanding how tax works is essential when you’re self-employed.
This section explains how the UK tax system applies to sole traders, including Income Tax, National Insurance, Self Assessment and VAT.
You’ll also find guidance on registering with HMRC, claiming allowances, meeting tax deadlines and preparing for Making Tax Digital.
Whether you’re starting out or checking that your tax affairs are in order, these guides explain the rules in plain English.
Start with these guides
Self Assessment and tax returns
Tax mistakes and common problems
Registering with HMRC
National Insurance and allowances
VAT and business taxes
How to check if a UK or EU VAT registration number is valid
If you have a new UK or EU customer or supplier, you should check the VAT registration number (VRN) they have supplied is valid. Here are three ways you can do so.
What to do if you accidentally register twice with HMRC as a sole trader
Accidentally registered twice as a sole trader with HMRC? Learn how to fix duplicate UTRs, avoid penalties, and get your Self Assessment record corrected.
What is the October 5th Self Assessment deadline and what happens if you miss it?
If you became self employed during the previous tax year, make sure you register for Self Assessment by 5th October to avoid HMRC penalties. What happens if you miss this deadline?
Business rates and small business rate relief explained
Business rates are the non-domestic equivalent of council tax. How they are calculated, multipliers for 2025/26, and how small business rate relief works.
UTR number explained – what it is, when you need one, and how to get it
A Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) is a 10-digit code from HMRC used for tax. Find out when you get one, why it matters, and how to register or recover it.
High Income Child Benefit Charge – what self-employed people need to know
Guide to the High Income Child Benefit Charge for self-employed parents. How it works, who it affects, deadlines, NI credits, and planned 2026 changes.
Self assessment tax return help for sole traders
Self Assessment guide for sole traders. Covers who must file, deadlines, payments on account, penalties, and how to register with HMRC.
Why the VAT registration threshold is a problem for small businesses
The £90,000 VAT threshold often holds small businesses back. This guide explains why some avoid registering, and what the experts say.
How the Flat Rate VAT Scheme works (and the Limited Cost Trader rule)
Guide to the Flat Rate VAT Scheme for sole traders and small businesses. How it works, the latest HMRC rules, and when the Limited Cost Trader rate applies.